Investigating the Relationship Between Awakening and Social Responsibility of Women in Islamic Governance in Verse 35 of Surah Ahzab
Document Type : مقاله پژوهشی
Authors
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Quranic Sciences and Hadith, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Jurisprudence and Principles of Islamic Law, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
10.22084/qss.2025.30177.1089
Abstract
Awakening is the beginning of adapting the material life to the spiritual life and reaching the good life. The Holy Qur’an, by defining the privileged and high position of women in the universe, has deemed her worthy of accepting important responsibilities and divine perfections. Women have participated in Islamic governance by taking responsibility in various social fields such as: pledge of allegiance, donation of property, emigration and defense of the province. Considering the effective role of women in the path of awakening and social responsibility and considering their critical position, verse 35 of Surah Al-Ahzab comprehensively explains this path in Islamic governance so that women under divine training and defense of right and truth pay attention to righteous deeds. And standing up in divine obedience, truthfulness in speech and behavior, patience in difficult events, humility in worship, paying divine rights, forgiveness, fasting as a strategy to face deviations and anomalies, Purity and, in a word, dhikr and turning a lot of dhikr into culture, make the good life of the Qur’an a reality. By examining the verses of the Qur’an and Islamic narratives and using a descriptive-analytical method, this essay examines the relationship between the awakening and the social responsibility of women at the head of Islam in Islamic governance, in order to explain the position of Muslim women in Islamic governance and the revival of modern Islamic civilization.
Keywords
* The holy Quran
1. Sayyid Razi, M. (2008). Nahj al-Balagha: The sermons of Imam Ali (S. Salih, Ed., 1st ed.). [In Arabic]
2. Amidi, A. (1990). Ghorar al-Hekam wa Dorar al-Kalem. Qom: Dar al-Kutub al-Islami. [In Arabic]
1. Sayyid Razi, M. (2008). Nahj al-Balagha: The sermons of Imam Ali (S. Salih, Ed., 1st ed.). [In Arabic]
2. Amidi, A. (1990). Ghorar al-Hekam wa Dorar al-Kalem. Qom: Dar al-Kutub al-Islami. [In Arabic]
3. Amin Ameli, S. M. (1421 AH): "The Greatest Shiites", Beirut: AlAlam Encyclopedia, Dar Al-Taarif Publishing House.
4. Ibn Abi al-Hadid Mu'tazili (649 AH): "Explanation of Nahjul al-Balagha", Qom: Maktaba Ayatollah Mar'ashi Najafi
5. Ibn Abi Asim, A. I. U. (1411 AH): "Al-Ahad and Al-Mathani", research: Bassem Faisal, Ahmad Al-Juabarah, Riyadh: Dar al-Dayah.
6. Ibn al-Athir, Ali bin A. al-K. (1285 AH): "Asdal Ghabah fi Ma'rifa Sahabah", Egypt: Al-Maa'rif al-Masriyyah.
7. Ibn al-Athir, A. b. A. a. K. "Al-Kamal fi al-Tarikh", Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, p.4.
8. Ibn Babawayh, M. (1376): "Al-Amalī Sheikh Saduq", translated by: Muhammad Baqer Kamarai, Tehran: Ketabchi.
9. Ibn Taghri Bardi, Y. (1392 AH): "Al-Nujum al-Zahira", Cairo: Al-Masriya Institute.
10. Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, A. (1415 AH): "The Injury in Distinguishing the Companions", Beirut: Darul Kitab Al-Ilmiyah.
11. Ibn Saad, M. (1410 AH): "Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra", researched by Muhammad Abdul Qadir Atta, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah.
12. Ibn Abdulbar, Y. (1412 AH): "Al-Isti'ab fi Ma'rifah al-Sahhab", Beirut: Dar alJeel Publishing.
13. Ibn Abd Rabbah al-Andalusi, A. “Al-Aqd al-Farid”, a useful study by Muhammad Qamiha, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah.
14. Ibn Kathir, A. (1407 AH), "The Beginning and the End", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
15. Ibn Hisham, A. "Al-Sirah Al-Nabawiyyah", researched by Mustafa Al-Sakka, Ibrahim Al-Abyari, and Abdul Hafiz Shalabi, Beirut: Dar Ihya Al-Turat Al-Arab, 1st edition.
16. Abu Bakr Bayhaqi, A. (1423), "Shaab al-Iman", Riyadh: Maktaba al-Rushd for Publishing and Distribution, Al-Dar al-Salafiyyah, Bombay, first edition.
17. Abu Na'im, A. (1311), "The Dress of the Saints and the Classes of the Noble Ones", Cairo: Dar Umm al-Qura.
18. Ahmad ibn Yaqub, (1415 AH), "Tarikh Yaqubi", Beirut: Dar Sadr.
19. Azdi, Sijistani, A. D. (1420 AH), "Sunan Abu Dawud", Cairo: Dar al-Hadith.
20. Al-Albani, M. (1408), "Sahih al-Jami' al-Saghir and Ziyadah al-Fath al-Kabir", Beirut: Al-Maktab al-Islami, vol.3.
21. Elahizadeh, "Umm Salama, Encyclopedia of the Holy Quran", The Role of Women in Islamic History, Samani.
22. Baladhari, A. (1417 AH), "Al-Ansab al-Ashraf", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr Publications.
23. Bahjatpour, A. K. (2017), "The Process of Culturing Islamic Clothing (With a Reductive Interpretation Approach)", Qom: Tamhid Publications.
24. Jazayeri, S. N. (1425 AH), "The Characteristics of Al-Zinbiyya", Beirut: Dar al-Hura Publishing.
25. Javadi Amoli, A. (2004), "Woman in the Mirror of Glory and Beauty", edited by Mahmoud Latifi, Tehran: Israa Publications
26. Al-Hurr al-Amil, M. (1367), “Detailing the means of Shi’a to the attainment of Sharia matters”, Qom: Al-Bayt Institute for the Revival of Heritage.
27. Hassan, A. (1359 AH), "Muslim Women -- Biography, Holy Women of Islam", Cairo: Al-Nahda Al-Masrya School.
28. Hakimi, M. (2005), "Al-Hayyah" translated by Ahmad Aram, Tehran: Farhang Islamic Publishing House.
29. Khomeini, S. R. (1995), "Women in Imam Khomeini's Viewpoint", Tehran: Institute for the Compilation and Publication of Imam Khomeini's Works.
30. Khansari, A. J. (1987), "Explanation of Gharr al-Hakam and Durr al-Kalam", Tehran: Tehran University Press.
31. Dakhil, A. M. A. (1982), "Umm Salama", translated by Firouz Harirchi, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications.
32. Dakhil, A. M. A. (1984), "Khadija, peace be upon her", translated by Harirchi, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing House.
33. Dhahabi, Sh. al-D. M. (1413 AH), "The Journey of the Nobles", Beirut: Al-Risala Institute, 4th edition.
34. Zarkali, Kh. "Al-Alam Dictionary of Translations for the Most Famous Men and Women from the Arabs, Arabizers and Orientalists", Beirut: Dar al-Alam for the Millions, 14th edition.
35. Sadeghi Ardestani, A. (1996), "Women Scholars and Narrators of Hadith", Qom: Islamic Propaganda Office Publication Center.
36. Tabatabai, S. M. H. (1955). Tafsir al-Mizan (S. M. B. Mousavi Hamadani, Trans., Vols. 7, 11, 16 & 17). Qom: Islamic Publications Office. [In Arabic]
37. Tabarani, "Al-Maajm al-Kabir", research: Hamdi Abdul Majid Al-Salfi, Cairo: Revival of Arabic heritage.
39. Tabarsi, A. M. A. b. A. (1386 AH), "Al-Ihtjaj al-Ahl al-Lajjaj", Dar alNu'man.
40. Tabarsi, Abu Ali F. b. Hasan. (1959). Majma‘ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran (Vol. 2). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
43. Tusi, “Muhammad ibn Hassan, Al-Tabiyan in the Interpretation of the Qur’an,” Beirut: Dar Ihya’a Al-Turath Al-Arabi.
44. Tayeb, S. A. H. (2006), "Ateeb al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an", Sabtain Institute.
45. Tefour, A. I. A. T. (1413 AH), "Balaghat al-Nisa", Qom: Al-Sharif Al-Radhi Publications
46. Abbasi Asl, H. (1400), "Distortion to Definition of Lifestyle", Talia Sabz Publications
47. Attardi, A. (1994), "The Gem of the Imamate Family or the Life of Sayyidah Nafisa", Attard Publications.
48. Fakhr Razi, M. i. O. (1379), "Al-Tafsir al-Kabir Mafatih al-Ghayb", Ali Asghar Halabi, Tehran: Asateer Publishing House.
49. Farahidi, K. b. A. (1988). Kitab al-‘Ayn (Vol. 5). Qom: Dar al-Hijrah Institute. [In Arabic]
50. Fadlallah, M. H. (2004), "Islam, Women and a New Inquiry", translated by Majid. Moradi, Qom: Publications of the Islamic Propaganda Office of the Qom Seminary.
51. Qutb, Sayyid (1408 AH), "In the Shadow of the Qur'an", Beirut: Dar al-Shoroq.
52. Qomi, Sh. A. (1344 AH), "Safinah al-Bihar", Qom: Dar al-Suwa.
53. Kahala, O. R. (1982), "Women's Declaration", Beirut: Al-Risala Institute, 9th edition.
54. Mamaqani, A. (1423 AH), “Revised article on the science of men”, Beirut: AlBayt Institute for the Revival of Heritage.
55. Majlesi, M. B. (1897). Bihar al-Anwar al-Jami‘ah li-Durar Akhbar al-A’immah al-At-har, (Vols. 75, 87). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic] 56. Mahallati, Z. (1980), "Riyahin al-Shari'ah", Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya.
57. Motahari, M. (2017), "Women's Rights System in Islam", Tehran: Sadra Publications.
58. Maarif, M. (2011), "Faith Characteristics in the Intellectual and Behavioral Model of Hazrat Fatima (PBUH)", Tehran: Minhaj.
59. Mughniyeh, M. J. (1424 AH), "Al-Tafsir al-Kashif", Qom: Dar al-Kitab al-Islami.
60. Maqrizi, A. b. A. (1998), “Preaching and Consideration in the Dhikr of Al-Qawt and the Influences Known as Al-Qawt Al-Maqriziyyah”, Beirut: Darul Kitab Al-Ilmiyah.
61. Makarem Shirazi, N. (1999). Tafsir-e Nemuneh (Vol. 25). Qom: Office of the Supreme Leader in Universities. [In Persian]
62. Makarem Shirazi, N. (2007). Payam-e Imam Amir al-Mu’minin, Tehran: Dar Ketub al-Islamiya.
st ed., Compiled by a group of scholars). Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah. [In Persian]
63. Malboubi, M. B. (1369), "Events and Incidents", Dar al-Ilm.
64. Nouri Hamedani, H. (2009), "The Position of Women in Islam", Qom: Promised Mahdi Publications (pbuh).
65. Al-Waqadi, A. A. M. i. O. (1404 AH), "Al-Maghazi", edited by: Jones, Beirut: Alam al-Katb.
66. Wardani, S. (1414 AH), "Shi'a in Egypt", Cairo: Madbouly al-Saghi School.
67. Ayatollahi, Z. (1998), "The Scope of Women's Participation in Islamic History", Strategic Women's Studies, No. 2, pp. 46-57.
68. Ahmadi, S. M. (2011), "Seydi Jarbandi, Seyyedeh Ruqyeh; Women's Social Participation from the Perspective of the Book, Tradition, and Islamic Jurisprudence", Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, No. 5, pp. 141-160.
69. Jalali Kandari, S. (2005), "Etiquette of Women's Social Participation from an Islamic Perspective", Research in the Sciences of the Quran and Hadith, No. 4, pp. 65-98.
69. Sobhani Nejad, M., & Najafi, H. (2014). An analysis of the epistemological dimensions of responsibility in the Islamic lifestyle. Seraj Munir, 5(16), pp. 152-170. [In Persian]
70. Sajjadi, S. I. (2001), "The Quran and Social Participation", Journal of Quranic Research, No. 27 and 28, pp. 51-83.
71. Shaker, A. (2019), "The Role of Fasting in Reducing Social Disadvantages and Disorders", No. 132, pp. 147-164.
72. Sharif Taherpour, M. (2010), "Solutions to Strengthen Hijab and Chastity in Society", No. 45 and 46, pp. 18-31.
73. Sadeghian, Kh; Elmi, M, (2013), "Investigation of Social Satisfaction with Social Responsibility of Teachers in Ajab Shir High Schools", Journal of Sociological Studies, No.19, pp. 21-38.
74. Taherinia, A. (2005), "Women and Economic Independence", Marafat Journal, No. 89.
75. Azizi, Ali (1401), "The Effect of Honesty on Family Peace", International Conference on Global Studies in Educational Sciences.
76. Attarzadeh, M. (2008), "Fatima Zahra, a Model of Muslim Women's Social and Political Presence", Strategic Studies of Women, No. 39, pp. 99-126.
77. Ghafouri, A. R. (2008), "Morality and Spirituality, Happiness and Perfection in Humility and Kindness", Imam Reza (AS) Islamic Education Institute, Baynat, No. 2, pp. 94-120.
78. Kabiri Qomi, N; Masoumi Zavariani, S. (2019), "The Educational Role of Women in Society", Quarterly Journal of Cultural Psychology, No. 40, pp. 109-120.
79. Mojtahedi Shabestari, M. (1965), "Fasting and its Spiritual and Educational Effects", No. 3.
80. Mahvari, M. H. (2002), "Ashura: The Arena of Political Presence in Struggle and Jihad", No. 26, pp. 409-431.
4. Ibn Abi al-Hadid Mu'tazili (649 AH): "Explanation of Nahjul al-Balagha", Qom: Maktaba Ayatollah Mar'ashi Najafi
5. Ibn Abi Asim, A. I. U. (1411 AH): "Al-Ahad and Al-Mathani", research: Bassem Faisal, Ahmad Al-Juabarah, Riyadh: Dar al-Dayah.
6. Ibn al-Athir, Ali bin A. al-K. (1285 AH): "Asdal Ghabah fi Ma'rifa Sahabah", Egypt: Al-Maa'rif al-Masriyyah.
7. Ibn al-Athir, A. b. A. a. K. "Al-Kamal fi al-Tarikh", Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Trath al-Arabi, p.4.
8. Ibn Babawayh, M. (1376): "Al-Amalī Sheikh Saduq", translated by: Muhammad Baqer Kamarai, Tehran: Ketabchi.
9. Ibn Taghri Bardi, Y. (1392 AH): "Al-Nujum al-Zahira", Cairo: Al-Masriya Institute.
10. Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, A. (1415 AH): "The Injury in Distinguishing the Companions", Beirut: Darul Kitab Al-Ilmiyah.
11. Ibn Saad, M. (1410 AH): "Al-Tabaqat al-Kubra", researched by Muhammad Abdul Qadir Atta, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah.
12. Ibn Abdulbar, Y. (1412 AH): "Al-Isti'ab fi Ma'rifah al-Sahhab", Beirut: Dar alJeel Publishing.
13. Ibn Abd Rabbah al-Andalusi, A. “Al-Aqd al-Farid”, a useful study by Muhammad Qamiha, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah.
14. Ibn Kathir, A. (1407 AH), "The Beginning and the End", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr.
15. Ibn Hisham, A. "Al-Sirah Al-Nabawiyyah", researched by Mustafa Al-Sakka, Ibrahim Al-Abyari, and Abdul Hafiz Shalabi, Beirut: Dar Ihya Al-Turat Al-Arab, 1st edition.
16. Abu Bakr Bayhaqi, A. (1423), "Shaab al-Iman", Riyadh: Maktaba al-Rushd for Publishing and Distribution, Al-Dar al-Salafiyyah, Bombay, first edition.
17. Abu Na'im, A. (1311), "The Dress of the Saints and the Classes of the Noble Ones", Cairo: Dar Umm al-Qura.
18. Ahmad ibn Yaqub, (1415 AH), "Tarikh Yaqubi", Beirut: Dar Sadr.
19. Azdi, Sijistani, A. D. (1420 AH), "Sunan Abu Dawud", Cairo: Dar al-Hadith.
20. Al-Albani, M. (1408), "Sahih al-Jami' al-Saghir and Ziyadah al-Fath al-Kabir", Beirut: Al-Maktab al-Islami, vol.3.
21. Elahizadeh, "Umm Salama, Encyclopedia of the Holy Quran", The Role of Women in Islamic History, Samani.
22. Baladhari, A. (1417 AH), "Al-Ansab al-Ashraf", Beirut: Dar al-Fikr Publications.
23. Bahjatpour, A. K. (2017), "The Process of Culturing Islamic Clothing (With a Reductive Interpretation Approach)", Qom: Tamhid Publications.
24. Jazayeri, S. N. (1425 AH), "The Characteristics of Al-Zinbiyya", Beirut: Dar al-Hura Publishing.
25. Javadi Amoli, A. (2004), "Woman in the Mirror of Glory and Beauty", edited by Mahmoud Latifi, Tehran: Israa Publications
26. Al-Hurr al-Amil, M. (1367), “Detailing the means of Shi’a to the attainment of Sharia matters”, Qom: Al-Bayt Institute for the Revival of Heritage.
27. Hassan, A. (1359 AH), "Muslim Women -- Biography, Holy Women of Islam", Cairo: Al-Nahda Al-Masrya School.
28. Hakimi, M. (2005), "Al-Hayyah" translated by Ahmad Aram, Tehran: Farhang Islamic Publishing House.
29. Khomeini, S. R. (1995), "Women in Imam Khomeini's Viewpoint", Tehran: Institute for the Compilation and Publication of Imam Khomeini's Works.
30. Khansari, A. J. (1987), "Explanation of Gharr al-Hakam and Durr al-Kalam", Tehran: Tehran University Press.
31. Dakhil, A. M. A. (1982), "Umm Salama", translated by Firouz Harirchi, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications.
32. Dakhil, A. M. A. (1984), "Khadija, peace be upon her", translated by Harirchi, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing House.
33. Dhahabi, Sh. al-D. M. (1413 AH), "The Journey of the Nobles", Beirut: Al-Risala Institute, 4th edition.
34. Zarkali, Kh. "Al-Alam Dictionary of Translations for the Most Famous Men and Women from the Arabs, Arabizers and Orientalists", Beirut: Dar al-Alam for the Millions, 14th edition.
35. Sadeghi Ardestani, A. (1996), "Women Scholars and Narrators of Hadith", Qom: Islamic Propaganda Office Publication Center.
36. Tabatabai, S. M. H. (1955). Tafsir al-Mizan (S. M. B. Mousavi Hamadani, Trans., Vols. 7, 11, 16 & 17). Qom: Islamic Publications Office. [In Arabic]
37. Tabarani, "Al-Maajm al-Kabir", research: Hamdi Abdul Majid Al-Salfi, Cairo: Revival of Arabic heritage.
39. Tabarsi, A. M. A. b. A. (1386 AH), "Al-Ihtjaj al-Ahl al-Lajjaj", Dar alNu'man.
40. Tabarsi, Abu Ali F. b. Hasan. (1959). Majma‘ al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran (Vol. 2). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic]
43. Tusi, “Muhammad ibn Hassan, Al-Tabiyan in the Interpretation of the Qur’an,” Beirut: Dar Ihya’a Al-Turath Al-Arabi.
44. Tayeb, S. A. H. (2006), "Ateeb al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Qur'an", Sabtain Institute.
45. Tefour, A. I. A. T. (1413 AH), "Balaghat al-Nisa", Qom: Al-Sharif Al-Radhi Publications
46. Abbasi Asl, H. (1400), "Distortion to Definition of Lifestyle", Talia Sabz Publications
47. Attardi, A. (1994), "The Gem of the Imamate Family or the Life of Sayyidah Nafisa", Attard Publications.
48. Fakhr Razi, M. i. O. (1379), "Al-Tafsir al-Kabir Mafatih al-Ghayb", Ali Asghar Halabi, Tehran: Asateer Publishing House.
49. Farahidi, K. b. A. (1988). Kitab al-‘Ayn (Vol. 5). Qom: Dar al-Hijrah Institute. [In Arabic]
50. Fadlallah, M. H. (2004), "Islam, Women and a New Inquiry", translated by Majid. Moradi, Qom: Publications of the Islamic Propaganda Office of the Qom Seminary.
51. Qutb, Sayyid (1408 AH), "In the Shadow of the Qur'an", Beirut: Dar al-Shoroq.
52. Qomi, Sh. A. (1344 AH), "Safinah al-Bihar", Qom: Dar al-Suwa.
53. Kahala, O. R. (1982), "Women's Declaration", Beirut: Al-Risala Institute, 9th edition.
54. Mamaqani, A. (1423 AH), “Revised article on the science of men”, Beirut: AlBayt Institute for the Revival of Heritage.
55. Majlesi, M. B. (1897). Bihar al-Anwar al-Jami‘ah li-Durar Akhbar al-A’immah al-At-har, (Vols. 75, 87). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-Arabi. [In Arabic] 56. Mahallati, Z. (1980), "Riyahin al-Shari'ah", Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya.
57. Motahari, M. (2017), "Women's Rights System in Islam", Tehran: Sadra Publications.
58. Maarif, M. (2011), "Faith Characteristics in the Intellectual and Behavioral Model of Hazrat Fatima (PBUH)", Tehran: Minhaj.
59. Mughniyeh, M. J. (1424 AH), "Al-Tafsir al-Kashif", Qom: Dar al-Kitab al-Islami.
60. Maqrizi, A. b. A. (1998), “Preaching and Consideration in the Dhikr of Al-Qawt and the Influences Known as Al-Qawt Al-Maqriziyyah”, Beirut: Darul Kitab Al-Ilmiyah.
61. Makarem Shirazi, N. (1999). Tafsir-e Nemuneh (Vol. 25). Qom: Office of the Supreme Leader in Universities. [In Persian]
62. Makarem Shirazi, N. (2007). Payam-e Imam Amir al-Mu’minin, Tehran: Dar Ketub al-Islamiya.
st ed., Compiled by a group of scholars). Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah. [In Persian]
63. Malboubi, M. B. (1369), "Events and Incidents", Dar al-Ilm.
64. Nouri Hamedani, H. (2009), "The Position of Women in Islam", Qom: Promised Mahdi Publications (pbuh).
65. Al-Waqadi, A. A. M. i. O. (1404 AH), "Al-Maghazi", edited by: Jones, Beirut: Alam al-Katb.
66. Wardani, S. (1414 AH), "Shi'a in Egypt", Cairo: Madbouly al-Saghi School.
67. Ayatollahi, Z. (1998), "The Scope of Women's Participation in Islamic History", Strategic Women's Studies, No. 2, pp. 46-57.
68. Ahmadi, S. M. (2011), "Seydi Jarbandi, Seyyedeh Ruqyeh; Women's Social Participation from the Perspective of the Book, Tradition, and Islamic Jurisprudence", Quarterly Journal of Women and Society, No. 5, pp. 141-160.
69. Jalali Kandari, S. (2005), "Etiquette of Women's Social Participation from an Islamic Perspective", Research in the Sciences of the Quran and Hadith, No. 4, pp. 65-98.
69. Sobhani Nejad, M., & Najafi, H. (2014). An analysis of the epistemological dimensions of responsibility in the Islamic lifestyle. Seraj Munir, 5(16), pp. 152-170. [In Persian]
70. Sajjadi, S. I. (2001), "The Quran and Social Participation", Journal of Quranic Research, No. 27 and 28, pp. 51-83.
71. Shaker, A. (2019), "The Role of Fasting in Reducing Social Disadvantages and Disorders", No. 132, pp. 147-164.
72. Sharif Taherpour, M. (2010), "Solutions to Strengthen Hijab and Chastity in Society", No. 45 and 46, pp. 18-31.
73. Sadeghian, Kh; Elmi, M, (2013), "Investigation of Social Satisfaction with Social Responsibility of Teachers in Ajab Shir High Schools", Journal of Sociological Studies, No.19, pp. 21-38.
74. Taherinia, A. (2005), "Women and Economic Independence", Marafat Journal, No. 89.
75. Azizi, Ali (1401), "The Effect of Honesty on Family Peace", International Conference on Global Studies in Educational Sciences.
76. Attarzadeh, M. (2008), "Fatima Zahra, a Model of Muslim Women's Social and Political Presence", Strategic Studies of Women, No. 39, pp. 99-126.
77. Ghafouri, A. R. (2008), "Morality and Spirituality, Happiness and Perfection in Humility and Kindness", Imam Reza (AS) Islamic Education Institute, Baynat, No. 2, pp. 94-120.
78. Kabiri Qomi, N; Masoumi Zavariani, S. (2019), "The Educational Role of Women in Society", Quarterly Journal of Cultural Psychology, No. 40, pp. 109-120.
79. Mojtahedi Shabestari, M. (1965), "Fasting and its Spiritual and Educational Effects", No. 3.
80. Mahvari, M. H. (2002), "Ashura: The Arena of Political Presence in Struggle and Jihad", No. 26, pp. 409-431.
)
Volume 3, Issue 2
March 2025Pages 179-199
- Receive Date: 27 November 2024
- Revise Date: 04 February 2025
- Accept Date: 24 February 2025